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BLUE TEAM / MALWARE REVERSE / ANALYSIS / STATIC / FILES

ZIP

file suspicious.zip
Get-Content .\suspicious.zip -Encoding Byte -TotalCount 16 | Format-Hex

Expected header:

50 4B 03 04

Confirm:

  • true ZIP
  • renamed file
  • malformed archive
  • polyglot archive

Enumerate (No Extraction)

Linux

zipinfo suspicious.zip

unzip -l suspicious.zip

Windows

tar -tf suspicious.zip

7z l suspicious.zip

Check:

  • file count
  • filenames
  • timestamps
  • compressed vs uncompressed size

Red flags:

  • double extensions
  • random names
  • hidden payload naming
  • suspicious compression ratio

Metadata

zipinfo -v suspicious.zip

Look for:

  • uniform timestamps
  • extreme compression
  • encrypted entries
  • abnormal file count

Extract Safely

mkdir out
unzip suspicious.zip -d out
Expand-Archive suspicious.zip -DestinationPath .\out
7z x suspicious.zip -oout

Always extract into isolated folder.


Hunt

strings suspicious.zip

Look for:

  • URLs
  • powershell
  • cmd
  • base64
  • suspicious filenames

Validate Contents

find out -type f
Get-ChildItem .\out -Recurse

Hash Extracted Files

Get-FileHash .\out\* -Algorithm SHA256

Magic Bytes

Format-Hex extracted.bin -Count 16

Expected:

TypeHeader
ZIP50 4B
PDF25 50 44 46
EXE4D 5A

Never trust extension.


Password Protection

7z l suspicious.zip

Look for:

Encrypted = +

Important because password-protected ZIPs often bypass mail scanning.


Suspicious ZIP Indicators

  • encrypted archive
  • high compression ratio
  • single suspicious payload
  • uniform timestamps
  • nested archive
  • misleading filename

Safe Workflow

file -> zipinfo -> unzip -l -> extract isolated -> hash -> magic bytes